- Rabies
- Radiation Emergencies
- Radiation Exposure
- Radiation Therapy
- Radiography see X-Rays
- Radionuclide Scans see Nuclear Scans
- Radiosurgery see Radiation Therapy
- Radiotherapy see Radiation Therapy
- Radon
- Rape see Sexual Assault
- Rare Diseases
- Rashes
- Raynaud Phenomenon
- Raynaud's Disease see Raynaud Phenomenon
- Raynaud's Syndrome see Raynaud Phenomenon
- Reactive Arthritis see Infectious Arthritis
- Reading Problems see Learning Disabilities
- Recreational Safety see Sports Safety; Water Safety (Recreational)
- Rectal Bleeding see Gastrointestinal Bleeding
- Rectal Cancer see Colorectal Cancer
- Rectal Disorders
- Rectocele see Rectal Disorders
- Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy see Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
- Reflux in Children
- Reflux in Infants
- Refractive Errors
- Regional Enteritis see Crohn's Disease
- Regional Ileitis see Crohn's Disease
- Rehabilitation
- Reiter's Syndrome see Infectious Arthritis
- Renal Cancer see Kidney Cancer
- Renal Dialysis see Dialysis
- Renal Disease see Kidney Diseases
- Renal Failure see Kidney Failure
- Renal Transplantation see Kidney Transplantation
- Repetitive Motion Injuries see Ergonomics
- Reproductive Hazards
- Residential Care see Assisted Living
- Respiratory Diseases see Lung Diseases
- Respiratory Failure
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
- Restless Legs
- Resuscitation Orders see Advance Directives
- Retinal Detachment
- Retinal Disorders
- Retinoblastoma see Eye Cancer
- Retinol see Vitamin A
- Rett Syndrome
- Reye Syndrome
- Rh Incompatibility
- Rhabdomyolysis see Muscle Disorders
- Rhabdomyosarcoma see Soft Tissue Sarcoma
- Rheumatic Fever see Streptococcal Infections
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Rheumatoid Spondylitis see Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Rib Injuries see Chest Injuries and Disorders
- Riboflavin see B Vitamins
- Rickets
- Ringworm see Tinea Infections
- RLS see Restless Legs
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever see Tick Bites
- Rodenticides see Pesticides
- Roentgen Rays see X-Rays
- Rohypnol see Club Drugs
- Root Canal see Tooth Disorders
- Rosacea
- Roseola see Viral Infections
- Rotator Cuff Injuries
- Rotavirus Infections
- RSV Infections see Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
- Rubella
- Rubeola see Measles
- Runaways see Homelessness and Health
- Ruptured Disk see Herniated Disk
- Rural Health Concerns